Lactyl Coenzyme A, Free acid
CAS No.: 1926-57-4
Synonym(s): Lactyl Coenzyme A, Lactoyl Coenzyme A, Lactyl-CoA, 2-Hydroxyproprionyl-CoA, β-Hydroxypropionyl coenzyme AAvailability: 6-8 weeks
Lactyl coenzyme A, also known as lactoyl-CoA, is a high-energy thioester that links cellular metabolism to both biosynthetic and regulatory processes.¹ ² ³ It functions as the acyl donor for p300-catalyzed histone lysine lactylation (Kla), a chromatin modification that promotes transcription under elevated lactate conditions.² ³ In mammalian nuclei, GTPSCS acts as a lactyl-CoA synthetase supporting this modification, and its activity has been associated with tumorigenesis and radioresistance in glioma cells.² Intracellular lactyl-CoA levels are substantially lower than acetyl-CoA (approximately 20–350-fold), making it a sensitive indicator of glycolytic flux.³
Applications
In metabolic engineering, lactyl-CoA is used as a key intermediate for the production of biodegradable lactate-based copolymers, including poly(lactate-co-glycolate), as well as platform chemicals such as 3-hydroxypropionic acid, acrylate, and propionate. Industrial systems often employ CoA-transferases to generate lactyl-CoA for these biosynthetic routes.¹ In epigenetic and molecular biology research, it is used as the essential acyl donor in studies of p300-mediated histone lactylation and as a tool to investigate lactate-driven gene regulation in chromatin.² ³ Additionally, isotopically labeled lactyl-CoA is applied as an internal standard in LC–HRMS metabolomics to quantify intracellular lactyl-CoA levels and distinguish enzymatic from non-enzymatic lactylation pathways, and it is used in cell-free transcription systems to study lactate-dependent chromatin regulation.³
Other available forms
